本文实例讲述了php数据库表操作的封装类及用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
数据库表结构：
create table `test_user` ( `id` int(11) not null auto_increment, `username` varchar(45) not null, `password` varchar(45) not null, `nickname` varchar(45) not null, `r` tinyint(4) not null, primary key (`id`) ) engine=innodb default charset=utf8; create table `test_blog` ( `id` int(11) not null auto_increment, `user_id` int(11) not null, `title` varchar(45) not null, primary key (`id`) ) engine=innodb default charset=utf8;
设置字符编码：
header('content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8');
引入table类：
require 'table.php';
设置数据库参数：
table::$__host = '127.0.0.1:3306'; table::$__user = 'root'; table::$__pass = '123456'; table::$__name = 'test'; table::$__charset = 'utf8';
创建实体对象：
table类有三个参数: $table, $pk, $pdo=null
$table: 表名称.
$pk: 主键名称. 不支持联合主键
$pdo: 独立的pdo对象. 一般不需要传
notice: table类是表操作的封装,不是model层的基类,所以不支持表前缀,表前缀应该在model层实现
$usertable = new table('test_blog');
$blogtable = new table('test_blog');
插入数据：
$user = array(
'username' => "admin1",
'password' => "admin1",
'nickname' => "管理员1",
'r' => mt_rand(0, 5),
);
echo $usertable->insert($user)->rowcount(), "n";
echo $usertable->lastinsertid(), "n";
批量插入数据：
$fields = array('username','password','nickname','r');
for ($i=2; $i<=100; $i++) {
$rows[] = array("admin$i", "admin$i", "管理员$i", mt_rand(0, 5));
}
$usertable->batchinsert($fields, $rows);
查询所有数据：
select方法返回一个pdostatement对象, fetchall返回多行, fetch返回单行
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall());
field自定义：
var_dump($usertable->select('id,nickname')->fetchall());
where查询：
var_dump($usertable->where('id > ?', 50)->select()->fetchall());
where and条件：
var_dump($usertable->where('id > ?', 6)->where('id in (?)', array(5,7,9))
->select()->fetchall());
where or条件：
var_dump($usertable->where('id = ? or id = ?', 6, 8)->select()->fetchall());
group分组 having过滤：
var_dump($usertable->group('r')->having('c between ? and ?', 10, 20)
->select('*, r, count(*) as c')->fetchall());
order排序：
var_dump($usertable->order('r desc, id')->select()->fetchall());
limit 行数：
跳过30行 返回10行
var_dump($usertable->limitoffset(10, 30)->select()->fetchall());
查询单行：
var_dump($usertable->where('id = ?', 6)->select()->fetch());
根据主键查询数据：
var_dump($usertable->find(4));
update更新数据：
$user = array( 'username' => 'admin4-1', 'nickname' => '管理员4-1', );
echo $usertable->where('id = ?', 4)->update($user)->rowcount(), "n";
replace替换数据：
使用了mysql的replace语句
$user = array(
'id' => 4,
'username' => 'admin4',
'password' => 'admin4',
'nickname' => '管理员4',
'r' => mt_rand(0, 5),
);
echo $usertable->replace($user)->rowcount(), "n";
删除数据：
echo $usertable->where('id = ?', 4)->delete()->rowcount(), "n";
分页查询
第2页, 每页10行数据：
var_dump($usertable->page(2, 10)->select()->fetchall());
分页查询的总行数：
$usertable->where('r=?', 3)->order('id desc')->page(2, 10)
->select()->fetchall();
echo $usertable->count(), "n";
复杂查询：
var_dump($usertable->where('id > ?', 1)->where('id < ?', 100)
->group('r')->having('c between ? and ?', 1, 100)->having('c > ?', 1)
->order('c desc')->page(2, 3)->select('*, count(*) as c')->fetchall());
自增：
$id = 2;
// 加一
var_dump($usertable->where('id = ?', $id)->plus('r')->find($id));
// 减一
var_dump($usertable->where('id = ?', $id)->plus('r', -1)->find($id));
// 多列
var_dump($usertable->where('id = ?', $id)->plus('r', 1, 'r', -1)->find($id));
自增,并获得自增后的值：
$id = 2;
// 加一
echo $usertable->where('id = ?', $id)->incr('r'), "n";
// 减一
echo $usertable->where('id = ?', $id)->incr('r', -1), "n";
save 保存修改：
判断数据中是否存在主键字段,如果存在主键字段就update数据,反之insert数据
// 修改
$user = array(
'id' => 3,
'nickname' => '管理员3-3',
);
echo $usertable->save($user)->rowcount(), "n";
var_dump($usertable->find(3));
// 添加
$user = array(
'username' => 'admin11',
'password' => 'admin11',
'nickname' => '管理员11',
'r' => mt_rand(0, 5),
);
echo $usertable->save($user)->rowcount(), "n";
$id = $usertable->lastinsertid();
var_dump($usertable->find($id));
生成外表测试数据：
$users = $usertable->select('id')->fetchall();
$id = 0;
foreach ($users as $user) {
for ($i=0; $i<10; $i++) {
$id++;
$blog = array(
'user_id' => $user['id'],
'title' => "blog$id",
);
$blogtable->insert($blog);
}
}
table类不支持join查询
需要的朋友可以手写sql语句,使用query方法来执行.或者自己修改table类来支持join
获取外表数据：
$blogs = $blogtable->where('id in (?)', array(1,12,23,34,56,67,78,89,90,101))
->select()->fetchall();
// 获取外表数据 key为外表id value为外表行数据
var_dump($usertable->foreignkey($blogs, 'user_id')
->fetchall(pdo::fetch_unique));
var_dump($usertable->foreignkey($blogs, 'user_id', '*,id')
->fetchall(pdo::fetch_unique));
var_dump($usertable->foreignkey($blogs, 'user_id', 'id,username,nickanem,id')
->fetchall(pdo::fetch_unique));
// 获取外表数据 返回键值对数组 key为id value为username
var_dump($usertable->foreignkey($blogs, 'user_id', 'id,username')
->fetchall(pdo::fetch_key_pair));
pdostatement::fetchall 示例：
// 获取映射数据
var_dump($usertable->select('*, id')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_unique));
// 获取数组
var_dump($usertable->select('nickname')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_column));
// 获取键值对
var_dump($usertable->select('id, nickname')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_key_pair));
// 获取数据分组
var_dump($usertable->select('r, id, nickname')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_group));
// 获取数据分组
var_dump($usertable->select('r, id')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_group|pdo::fetch_column));
// 获取数据分组
var_dump($usertable->select('r, nickname')->fetchall(pdo::fetch_group|pdo::fetch_key_pair));
// 获取对象 指定获取方式，将结果集中的每一行作为一个属性名对应列名的对象返回。
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall(pdo::fetch_obj));
// 获取对象 指定获取方式，返回一个所请求类的新实例，映射列到类中对应的属性名。
// note: 如果所请求的类中不存在该属性，则调用 __set() 魔术方法
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall(pdo::fetch_class));
// 获取对象 指定获取方式，更新一个请求类的现有实例，映射列到类中对应的属性名。
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall(pdo::fetch_into));
// 获取自定义行
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall(pdo::fetch_func, function($id, $username, $password, $r){
return array('id'=>$id, 'name'=>"$username - $password - $r");
}));
// 获取单一值
var_dump($usertable->select()->fetchall(pdo::fetch_func, function($id, $username, $password, $r){
return "$id - $username - $password - $r";
}));
table类源代码：
<?php
/**
* @author dotcoo zhao <dotcoo at 163 dot com>
*/
/**
* 模型
*/
class table {
/**
* @var pdo
*/
public static $__pdo = null; // 默认pdo对象
public static $__host = '127.0.0.1'; // 默认主机
public static $__user = 'root'; // 默认账户
public static $__pass = '123456'; // 默认密码
public static $__name = 'test'; // 默认数据库名称
public static $__charset = 'utf8'; // 默认字符集
/**
* @var pdo
*/
public $_pdo = null; // pdo对象
public $_table = null; // 表名
public $_pk = 'id'; // paramry
public $_where = array(); // where
public $_where_params = array(); // where params
public $_count_where = array(); // count where
public $_count_where_params = array(); // count where params
public $_group = ''; // group
public $_having = array(); // having
public $_having_params = array(); // having params
public $_order = null; // order
public $_limit = null; // limit
public $_offset = null; // offset
public $_for_update = ''; // read lock
public $_lock_in_share_model = ''; // write lock
/**
* table construct
* @param string $table_name
* @param string $pk
* @param string $prefix
* @param pdo $pdo
*/
function __construct($table=null, $pk=null, pdo $pdo=null) {
$this->_table = isset($table) ? $table : $this->_table;
$this->_pk = isset($pk) ? $pk : $this->_pk;
$this->_pdo = $pdo;
}
/**
* @return pdo
*/
public function getpdo() {
if (isset($this->_pdo)) {
return $this->_pdo;
}
if (isset(self::$__pdo)) {
return self::$__pdo;
}
$dsn = sprintf("mysql:host=%s;dbname=%s;charset=%s;", self::$__host, self::$__name, self::$__charset);
$options = array(
pdo::attr_persistent => true,
pdo::attr_errmode => pdo::errmode_exception,
pdo::attr_default_fetch_mode => pdo::fetch_assoc
);
return self::$__pdo = new pdo($dsn, self::$__user, self::$__pass, $options);
}
/**
* 执行语句
* @param string $sql
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function query($sql) {
$params = func_get_args();
array_shift($params);
return $this->queryparams($sql, $params);
}
/**
* 执行语句
* @param string $sql
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function queryparams($sql, array $params) {
$sqls = explode('?', $sql);
$sql_new = array_shift($sqls);
$params_new = array();
foreach ($sqls as $i => $sql_item) {
if (is_array($params[$i])) {
$sql_new .= str_repeat('?,', count($params[$i])-1).'?'.$sql_item;
$params_new = array_merge($params_new, $params[$i]);
} else {
$sql_new .= '?'.$sql_item;
$params_new[] = $params[$i];
}
}
$stmt = $this->getpdo()->prepare($sql_new);
foreach ($params_new as $i => $param) {
switch (gettype($param)) {
case 'integer':
$stmt->bindvalue($i+1, $param, pdo::param_int);
break;
case 'null':
$stmt->bindvalue($i+1, $param, pdo::param_null);
break;
default :
$stmt->bindvalue($i+1, $param);
}
}
// echo $sql_new, "n"; var_dump($params_new); // exit();
$stmt->executeresult = $stmt->execute();
$this->reset();
return $stmt;
}
/**
* 查询数据
* @param string $field
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function select($columns='*') {
$params = array_merge($this->_where_params, $this->_having_params);
$sql = "select $columns from `{$this->_table}`";
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : ' where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
$sql .= empty($this->_group) ? '' : ' group by '. $this->_group;
$sql .= empty($this->_having) ? '' : ' having '. implode(' and ', $this->_having);
$sql .= empty($this->_order) ? '' : ' order by '. $this->_order;
if (isset($this->_limit)) {
$sql .= ' limit ?';
$params[] = $this->_limit;
if (isset($this->_offset)) {
$sql .= ' offset ?';
$params[] = $this->_offset;
}
}
$sql .= $this->_for_update;
$sql .= $this->_lock_in_share_model;
$this->_count_where = $this->_where;
$this->_count_where_params = $this->_where_params;
return $this->queryparams($sql, $params);
}
/**
* 添加数据
* @param array $data
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function insert(array $data) {
$sql = "insert `{$this->_table}` set";
$params = array();
foreach ($data as $col=>$val) {
$sql .= " `$col` = ?,";
$params[] = $val;
}
$sql{strlen($sql)-1} = ' ';
return $this->queryparams($sql, $params);
}
/**
* 批量插入数据
* @param array $names
* @param array $rows
* @param number $batch
* @return table
*/
public function batchinsert(array $fields, array $rows, $batch=1000) {
$i = 0;
$sql = "insert `{$this->_table}` (`".implode('`, `', $fields)."`) values ";
foreach ($rows as $row) {
$i++;
$sql .= "('".implode("','", array_map('addslashes', $row))."'),";
if ($i >= $batch) {
$sql{strlen($sql)-1} = ' ';
$this->query($sql);
$i = 0;
$sql = "insert `{$this->_table}` (`".implode('`, `', $fields)."`) values ";
}
}
if ($i > 0) {
$sql{strlen($sql)-1} = ' ';
$this->query($sql);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* 更新数据
* @param array $data
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function update(array $data) {
$sql = "update `{$this->_table}` set";
$params = array();
foreach ($data as $col=>$val) {
$sql .= " `$col` = ?,";
$params[] = $val;
}
$sql{strlen($sql)-1} = ' ';
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : 'where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
$params = array_merge($params, $this->_where_params);
return $this->queryparams($sql, $params);
}
/**
* 替换数据
* @param array $data
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function replace(array $data) {
$sql = "replace `{$this->_table}` set";
$params = array();
foreach ($data as $col=>$val) {
$sql .= " `$col` = ?,";
$params[] = $val;
}
$sql{strlen($sql)-1} = ' ';
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : 'where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
$params = array_merge($params, $this->_where_params);
return $this->queryparams($sql, $params);
}
/**
* 删除数据
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function delete() {
$sql = "delete from `{$this->_table}`";
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : ' where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
return $this->queryparams($sql, $this->_where_params);
}
/**
* 重置所有
* @return table
*/
public function reset() {
$this->_where = array();
$this->_where_params = array();
$this->_group = null;
$this->_having = array();
$this->_having_params = array();
$this->_order = null;
$this->_limit = null;
$this->_offset = null;
$this->_for_update = '';
$this->_lock_in_share_model = '';
return $this;
}
/**
* where查询条件
* @param string $format
* @return table
*/
public function where($format) {
$args = func_get_args();
array_shift($args);
$this->_where[] = $format;
$this->_where_params = array_merge($this->_where_params, $args);
return $this;
}
/**
* group分组
* @param string $columns
* @return table
*/
public function group($columns) {
$this->_group = $columns;
return $this;
}
/**
* having过滤条件
* @param string $format
* @return table
*/
public function having($format) {
$args = func_get_args();
array_shift($args);
$this->_having[] = $format;
$this->_having_params = array_merge($this->_having_params, $args);
return $this;
}
/**
* order排序
* @param string $columns
* @return table
*/
public function order($order) {
$this->_order = $order;
return $this;
}
/**
* limit数据偏移
* @param number $offset
* @param number $limit
* @return table
*/
public function limitoffset($limit, $offset=null) {
$this->_limit = $limit;
$this->_offset = $offset;
return $this;
}
/**
* 独占锁，不可读不可写
* @return table
*/
public function forupdate() {
$this->forupdate = ' for update';
return $this;
}
/**
* 共享锁，可读不可写
* @return table
*/
public function lockinsharemode() {
$this->_lock_in_share_model = ' lock in share mode';
return $this;
}
/**
* 事务开始
* @return bool
*/
public function begin() {
return $this->getpdo()->begintransaction();
}
/**
* 事务提交
* @return bool
*/
public function commit() {
return $this->getpdo()->commit();
}
/**
* 事务回滚
* @return bool
*/
public function rollback() {
return $this->getpdo()->rollback();
}
/**
* page分页
* @param number $page
* @param number $pagesize
* @return table
*/
public function page($page, $pagesize = 15) {
$this->_limit = $pagesize;
$this->_offset = ($page - 1) * $pagesize;
return $this;
}
/**
* 获取自增id
* @return int
*/
public function lastinsertid() {
return $this->getpdo()->lastinsertid();
}
/**
* 获取符合条件的行数
* @return int
*/
public function count() {
$sql = "select count(*) from `{$this->_table}`";
$sql .= empty($this->_count_where) ? '' : ' where '. implode(' and ', $this->_count_where);
return $this->queryparams($sql, $this->_count_where_params)->fetchcolumn();
}
/**
* 将选中行的指定字段加一
* @param string $col
* @param number $val
* @return table
*/
public function plus($col, $val = 1) {
$sets = array("`$col` = `$col` + $val");
$args = array_slice(func_get_args(), 2);
while (count($args) > 1) {
$col = array_shift($args);
$val = array_shift($args);
$sets[] = "`$col` = `$col` + $val";
}
$sql = "update `{$this->_table}` set ".implode(', ', $sets);
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : ' where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
$params = array_merge(array($val), $this->_where_params);
$this->queryparams($sql, $params);
return $this;
}
/**
* 将选中行的指定字段加一
* @param string $col
* @param number $val
* @return int
*/
public function incr($col, $val = 1) {
$sql = "update `{$this->_table}` set `$col` = last_insert_id(`$col` + ?)";
$sql .= empty($this->_where) ? '' : ' where '. implode(' and ', $this->_where);
$params = array_merge(array($val), $this->_where_params);
$this->queryparams($sql, $params);
return $this->getpdo()->lastinsertid();
}
/**
* 根据主键查找行
* @param number $id
* @return array
*/
public function find($id) {
return $this->where("`{$this->_pk}` = ?", $id)->select()->fetch();
}
/**
* 保存数据,自动判断是新增还是更新
* @param array $data
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function save(array $data) {
if (array_key_exists($this->_pk, $data)) {
$pk_val = $data[$this->_pk];
unset($data[$this->_pk]);
return $this->where("`{$this->_pk}` = ?", $pk_val)->update($data);
} else {
return $this->insert($data);
}
}
/**
* 获取外键数据
* @param array $rows
* @param string $fkey
* @param string $field
* @param string $key
* @return pdostatement
*/
public function foreignkey(array $rows, $fkey, $field='*') {
$ids = array(); foreach($rows as $row) { $ids[] = $row[$fkey]; }
// $ids = array_column($rows, $fkey);
if (empty($ids)) {
return new pdostatement();
}
return $this->where("`{$this->_pk}` in (?)", $ids)->select($field);
}
}
github地址：
https://github.com/dotcoo/php/blob/master/table/table.php
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