Windows Phone 8.1 应用的数据存储位置包括:
- Installation Folder
- ApplicationData
- Credential Locker
- Known Folders
- SD Card
- File System
- Networks
附张图:
(1)Installation Folder
Installation Folder 也就是开发者在项目里自己添加的文件,只能进行读操作。
比如项目结构为:
要使用 Images 文件夹里的图片,则可以在 XAML 中这样写:
<span><</span>
<span>Image </span>
<span>x:Name</span>
<span>="image"</span>
<span>
Source</span>
<span>="/Images/屏幕截图(157).png"</span>
<span>
Stretch</span>
<span>="Uniform"</span>
<span>/></span>
若要在 C# 代码中使用,则要在文件路径前加 ms-appx:///
<span>protected</span>
<span>override</span>
<span>void</span>
<span> OnNavigatedTo(NavigationEventArgs e)
{
<span>BitmapImage img </span></span>
<span>= <span>new</span> BitmapImage(<span>new</span> Uri(<span>"</span><span>ms-appx:///Images/屏幕截图(157).png</span><span>"</span></span>
<span>
<span>));</span>
image.Source </span>=<span> img;
}</span>
注意:文件的生成操作为内容
(2)ApplicationData
ApplicationData 也就是应用的独立存储,可自由进行读写操作,分为以下三个区域:
1)Local(Folder,Settings)
保存在手机端,没有存储限制,更新应用时会保留,包括 Folder 和 Settings。
使用方法非常简单:
StorageFolder folder =<span> ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder; ApplicationDataContainer settings </span>= ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
Folder 的操作也非常简单,当然也可以通过 Stream 来操作,如下:
StorageFolder folder =<span> ApplicationData.Current.LocalFolder; </span><span>await</span> folder.CreateFileAsync(<span>"</span><span>some.txt</span><span>"</span><span>); </span><span>await</span> folder.CreateFolderAsync(<span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span><span>); </span><span>await</span> folder.GetFileAsync(<span>"</span><span>some.txt</span><span>"</span><span>); </span><span>await</span> folder.GetFolderAsync(<span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span><span>); </span><span>await</span> folder.OpenStreamForReadAsync(<span>"</span><span>some.txt</span><span>"</span><span>); </span><span>await</span> folder.OpenStreamForWriteAsync(<span>"</span><span>some.txt</span><span>"</span>, CreationCollisionOption.FailIfExists);
而 Settings 是一个键值对数组,用以保存简单数据,类型为 <string, Object>,因此在读取数据时要对值进行拆箱:
ApplicationDataContainer settings =<span> ApplicationData.Current.LocalSettings;
settings.Values[</span><span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span>] = <span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span><span>;
</span><span>if</span>( settings.Values.ContainsKey(<span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span><span>) )
{
</span><span>string</span> some = (<span>string</span>)settings.Values[<span>"</span><span>some</span><span>"</span><span>];
}</span>
2)Roaming(Folder,Settings)
保存在云端 OneDrive 处,可以跨设备使用,但是有 100Kb 的限制,也包括 Folder 和 Settings。
Roaming 数据的操作与 Local 的操作一致,需要注意的是那 100kb 的限制,以及当漫游数据发生改变时会触发的事件 DataChanged,比如可以在该事件中更新本地数据:
<span>public</span>
<span> MainPage()
{
</span>
<span>this</span>
<span>.InitializeComponent();
<span>ApplicationData.Current.DataChanged </span></span>
<span>+=</span>
<span>
<span> Current_DataChanged;</span>
}
</span>
<span>private</span>
<span>void</span> Current_DataChanged(ApplicationData sender, <span>object</span><span> args)
{
</span><span>if</span>( localSettings.Values.ContainsKey(<span>"</span><span>test</span><span>"</span>) && roamingSettings.Values.ContainsKey(<span>"</span><span>test</span><span>"</span><span>) )
{
localSettings.Values[</span><span>"</span><span>test</span><span>"</span>] = roamingSettings.Values[<span>"</span><span>test</span><span>"</span><span>];
}
}</span>
注意:应用必须获取了应用商店的认证才能使用数据漫游。
3)Temp(Folder)
保存在手机端的临时数据,不能保证何时被删除(如手机存储空间不足时则自动删除),只有 Folder。
使用方法与 Local 和 Roaming 一致,不同的事它是能使用 Folder。
除了以上的访问 ApplicationData 的方法外,同样的可以使用 Uri 的方式访问上述各 Folder,只需在路径前添加 ms-appdata:///:
<span>var</span> localFile = StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(<span>new</span> Uri(<span>"</span><span><span>ms-appdata:///local</span>/some.txt</span><span>"</span><span>));
</span><span>var</span> roamingFile = StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(<span>new</span> Uri(<span>"</span><span><span>ms-appdata:///roaming</span>/some.txt</span><span>"</span><span>));
</span><span>var</span> tempFile = StorageFile.GetFileFromApplicationUriAsync(<span>new</span> Uri(<span>"</span><span><span>ms-appdata:///temp</span>/some.txt</span><span>"</span>));
(3)Credential Locker
Credential Locak 是一个用来保存用户账号与密码对的一个私密空间,不会被其它应用访问,同时还支持同应用的跨设备漫游。
使用方法:
<span>private</span>
<span>void</span> saveButton_Click(<span>object</span><span> sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
</span><span>string</span> username =<span> idTextBox.Text.Trim();
</span><span>string</span> password =<span> passwordBox.Password.Trim();
PasswordCredential cred </span>= <span>new</span> PasswordCredential(<span>"</span><span>weibo</span><span>"</span><span>, username, password);
PasswordVault value </span>= <span>new</span><span> PasswordVault();
value.Add(cred);
}
</span><span>private</span><span>void</span> loadButton_Click(<span>object</span><span> sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
PasswordVault value </span>= <span>new</span><span> PasswordVault();
</span><span>var</span> creds = value.FindAllByResource(<span>"</span><span>weibo</span><span>"</span><span>);
</span><span>if</span>( creds.Count != <span>0</span><span> )
{
</span><span>foreach</span>( <span>var</span> cred <span>in</span><span> creds )
{
cred.RetrievePassword();
messageTextBlock.Text </span>+= <span>string</span>.Format(<span>"</span><span>{0}n{1}n{2}n</span><span>"</span><span>, cred.Resource, cred.UserName, cred.Password);
}
}
}</span>
注意:在获取密码的时候必须先调用 RetrievePassword 方法,不然获取的密码为空字符串。
(4)Known Folders
Known Folders 也就是手机上特有的几个文件夹,比如音乐视频文件等。
获取方法为:
StorageFolder DocumentsLibrary =<span> KnownFolders.DocumentsLibrary; StorageFolder MusicLibrary </span>=<span> KnownFolders.MusicLibrary; StorageFolder VideosLibrary </span>=<span> KnownFolders.VideosLibrary; StorageFolder PicturesLibrary </span>=<span> KnownFolders.PicturesLibrary; StorageFolder CameraRoll </span>=<span> KnownFolders.CameraRoll; StorageFolder SavedPictures </span>=<span> KnownFolders.SavedPictures; StorageFolder RemovableDevices </span>=<span> KnownFolders.RemovableDevices; StorageFolder HomeGroup </span>=<span> KnownFolders.HomeGroup; StorageFolder MediaServerDevices </span>= KnownFolders.MediaServerDevices;
以上是可获取的所有 Known Folders,其中 HomeGroup 和 MediaServerDevices 文件夹暂时还未开放。
注意:某些文件夹的读取需要在 appxmanifest 获取权限:
(5)SD Card
SD Card 的文件读取同样需要在 appxmanifest 获取权限。
获取方法为:
<span>var</span> devices =<span> KnownFolders.RemovableDevices;
</span><span>var</span> sdCards = <span>await</span><span> devices.GetFoldersAsync();
</span><span>if</span>( sdCards.Count == <span>0</span><span> )
</span><span>return</span><span>;
StorageFolder firstCard </span>= sdCards[<span>0</span>];
要注意的是,对 SD Card 的文件读取需要事先在 appxmanifest 中增加文件类型关联,确定需要读取的文件类型:
(6)备注
关于使用 FilePicker API 与 FileSystem 的操作,以及 Networks 的数据操作将在其它随笔中说明。
原文:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoshi3003/p/3754571.html
【说明】:本文章由站长整理发布,文章内容不代表本站观点,如文中有侵权行为,请与本站客服联系(QQ:254677821)!